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Dependent Variable

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Real Numbers

REAL NUMBER LINE:

Draw a straight line and mark a convenient point as zero, 0, then mark equally
spaced distances. Label these as integers → positive to the right and negative to
the left. To indicate that there are more positive integers to the left and to the right
we use the symbol “…” which is understood to mean “ and so on” in the pattern
set.

Numbers associated with points on the real number line are called coordinates of
the points.

Real numbers include whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and other numbers that
we will see in Section 1.8.

If a and b are real numbers then the expression a/b

is called a fraction. The top number a is called the numerator and the bottom number b is
called the denominator. Division by zero is not allowed, so b ≠ 0 or the result is undefined.

Equivalent Fractions: If the numerator and denominator are multiplied by a common factor ,n,
the resulting expression is an equivalent fraction that has the same numerical value.

If the numerator and denominator contain a common factor the expression can be reduced to an
equivalent fraction that has the same numerical value. Answers containing fraction expressions
must always be left in the “simplest form”.

Equivalent Fractions

-> Fractions can also be written as decimals if they are terminating or repeating.
In algebra we write fractions with a larger numerator than denominator in improper form.

Examples:

Terminating:

Repeating

-> Fractions are sometimes integers when reduced to simplest form:

Examples :

SPECIAL TERMS:

English words	Math symbols .
ABSOLUTE VALUE unsigned number
OPPOSITES equal value, opposite sign
RECIPROCALS numbers with product of 1

ABSOLUTE VALUE: Examples:

	Perform inner operations first.
	Do not drop absolute value symbols here
	Replace absolute values with unsigned numbers and perform resulting operation.

	Perform inner operations first.
	Do not drop absolute value symbols here.
	Do not drop absolute value symbols here.
	Do not drop absolute value symbols here.
	Replace absolute values with unsigned number and perform resulting operation.

CAUTION: Do not “drop” the absolute value “bars” without performing all operations inside and
do not “drop” them without replacing the resulting number with an unsigned number.

Equivalent Fractions:

If the numerator and denominator contain a common factor the expression can be
reduced to an equivalent fraction that has the same numerical value. Answers
containing fraction expressions must always be left in the “simplest form”.